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20/08/2005 restaurants in syriaLatakia Restaurants
+963 (41)
Damascus Restaurants
Aleppo Restaurants
info of syriaClimate Temperature and Precipitation: Along the West of the coastal mountain range Syria's climate is very Mediterranean, however there is a long dry season from May to October. Summer rain is very scarce in Syria, although it appears occasionally in the extreme Northwest. On the coast summers are hot and very humid, with an average daily maximum of 29 C, while the mild winters have an average daily minimum of 10 C. The only areas where summers are cool in Syria, are in places with an altitude of over 600M. Slunfeh, Bludan, and Mashta al Helou are local favorites. Further inland as you approach the steppe and the Syrian Desert the climate gradually becomes more arid, with colder and more extreme winters and hotter, drier summers. At Aleppo, in the northwest, the average August temperature is about 30° C, and the average January temperature is about 4.4° C, and Damascus is very similar. Snow may occur in winter away from the coast, and frosts are common. In the Desert regions of Palmyra and Deir Ezzor, in the central region at the edge of the Syrian Desert, the corresponding temperatures are about 30.8° C and about Yearly rainfall in the coast and Western Mountains ranges from 762 to 1020 millimeters. Further inland as you head Eastwards rainfall decreases rapidly; the steppe between Aleppo and Damascus receives about 255 to 510 mm a year. Further towards the Desert, rainfall gradually decreases ranging from 127 mm to less than 25 mm in the southeast. Rainfall is variable from year to year, particularly in the spring and autumn months. In the 99-2000 season Syria did not receive much rainfall and the water reserves are quite low. There is fear that Syria will suffer a drought. The Winds:
Syrian Arab Airline Offices Around the World
The Arabic Language Arabic (Al Arabiya), a Semitic idiom, is the main language spoken in Syria. The Arabic language was adopted and spread over a large area of land in the Seventh Century. This language has very old roots going back to the Assyrians in the Ninth Century BC. Other languages related to Arabic are Babylonian, Hittite (or Hourrite), Hebrew and Aramean. Arabic was probably first written in the Second and Third Centuries, the Lakhmides tribe in Southern Mesopotamia. The Arabic alphabet has a few extra letters that do not exist in the normal Latin and Germanic languages. Arabic is also written from Right to Left. 'KH' should be pronounced like the German 'ch' in 'NACHT'. As for Arabic numbers that are, funnily enough called 'Hindi Numerals', they are written from Left to Right. Units are on the far right and then towards the left the tens, hundreds, etc. Western numbers as we know them are called Arabic numerals, Indian mathematicians were the first to discover the Zero 18/08/2005 ministers of syria
17/08/2005 hotel info in all syria
meridien hotel
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|
Name |
Theater |
Classroom |
Banquet |
Reception |
U Shape |
Size |
|
Mutanabi |
1200 |
800 |
850 |
1200 |
200 |
835 |
|
Kassioun |
120 |
60 |
70 |
120 |
40 |
134 |
|
Ugarit |
50 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
30 |
87 |
|
Maaloula |
30 |
20 |
25 |
20 |
12 |
40 |
|
Swimming Pool |
- |
- |
1000 |
1300 |
- |
1850 |
|
Pool Terrace |
350 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
120 |
450 |
|
Toit de Damas |
350 |
300 |
250 |
400 |
60 |
390 |
|
Les Années Folles |
250 |
150 |
220 |
300 |
60 |
350 |
|
Palmyra |
20 |
15 |
20 |
30 |
15 |
65 |
Bar & Restaurant :
|
NAME |
TYPE |
HOURS |
SEATING |
|
La Brasserie |
French Typical Rest |
18.30 - 01.00 |
150 |
|
Al Liwan |
Winter Syrian Rest. |
20.30 - 02.00 |
120 |
|
Al Seran |
Summer Syrian Rest. |
21.30 - 02.00 |
225 |
|
Al Ghouta |
Snack Bar Swimming pool |
10.30-17.00 |
320 |
|
Le Jardin |
Mediterranean & Italian Rest |
18.00 - 02.00 |
180 |
|
The Ranch |
American Steak Rest. |
18.00 - 01.00 |
90 |
|
Bar Oasis |
American Bar all the year |
11.00 - 01.00 |
75 |
|
L'écume des Nuits Club |
Discotheque |
22.00 - 04.00 |
225 |
|
Tric Trac café |
Damascene Summer Coffee |
18.00 - 05.00 |
120 |
|
Gourmet |
Coffee house |
07.00 - 23.00 |
160 |
|
Cartoon Club |
All the year |
10.00 - 23.00 |
40 |
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- For reservation
Le Meridien Damascus
P.O.Box 5531 - Damascus SYRIA
Tel : (+963 11) 245 22 00 - 222 92 00 / 373 87 30
Fax : (+963 11) 223 33 03 - 373 86 61
E-Mail : meridien-resd@net.sy - For reservation
cham palace
CHAM PALACE, DAMASCUS - Overview
Located downtown, in the heart of the city, 400 luxurious guest rooms and suites. 5 restaurants, among them the only Chinese, Japanese and revolving restaurants in Syria, the lobby bar and the luxurious traditional English "Harry's Bar" on the 11th floor, one sidewalk cafe, the "Jet - Set discotheque", featuring live entertainment Banquet facilities for up to 500 guests, 5 conference rooms 1000 participants, simultaneous translation for 4 languages, bowling, swimming pool, fitness center, gymnasium, sauna, hairdresser and beauty parlor, arcade and under ground parking for 150 cars.
308 rooms, 72 suites
CHAM PALACE, DAMASCUS - Services
Dining : The Chinese Restaurant, the only one in Syria, is open for lunch and dinner. Il Giardino Italian restaurant is open 24 hours a day. Le Panoramique, featuring French cuisine, for lunch and dinner. L'Etoile d'Or, a revolving restaurant features Syrian cuisine. Le Pergola, serves continental cuisine and steaks at poolside. Cafe du Bresil, an indoor/outdoor cafe is open from 7:00 am to 1:00 am, Le Japonais,brasserie buffet opened 24h/24, is the best japanese restaurant in Syria and Le Harris Bar, to have a light meals with your favorite drinks listening to live music.
Sports : Cham Fitness Center with sauna, hammam, gymnasium, massage and Thalgo. Two squash courts and swimming pool. Recreation room and bowling.
Additional Features : Jacques Dessanges Beauty Salon, Jet Set Disco, two private cinema theaters, Cham Bridge Club. Indoor and Outdoor parking. Cham Business Center, Leaders Club, Cham Art Gallery. Shopping arcade with duty-free shopping. 24-hour room and laundry service. Complementary Cham Shuttle airport transfers. Meeting facilities (up to 900) and banquet facilities (up to 600). Chamcar, car rental; Chamtour, tour and travel agency.
25 minutes from Damascus airport. 5 minutes from Al Higaz railway station.
EBLA CHAM PALACE, DAMASCUS - Overview
Syria's largest 5 stars Palace and Resort. Located halfway between the International Airport and Damascus, just in the middle of Ghouta gardens, 500 luxurious rooms and suites, all with private balcony, 2 restaurants, two snack bars, one piano bar and the "Jet-Set discotheque". Banquet and meeting facilities for 12 up to 400 guests. Olympic size swimming pool, children pool, 4 tennis courts, fitness center, gymnasium, sauna, and a jogging track in 48 ha. of private gardens. Horse riding club and golf. Business center, shopping arcade, heliport and outdoor parking for 1500 cars.
350 rooms, 150 suites
EBLA CHAM PALACE, DAMASCUS - Services
Dining : La Ghouta for fine continental cuisine, Les Quatres Saisons, a brasserie open 24 hours, La Pergola for poolside dining. Piano Bar, Lobby Bar, Jet Set Disco.
Sports : Olympic-size swimming pool, children's pool, tennis courts, Fitness center with gymnasium sauna and jogging track, horse riding club, and the only 18-hole golf course in Syria
Additional Features : Meeting and banquet rooms, Business Center, shopping arcade, heliport. Children's programs. Complimentary shuttle service to downtown Damascus. Chamcar, car rental; Chamtour, tour and travel agency.
PALMYRA CHAM PALACE, PALMYRA - Overview
Located just outside Palmyra, next to the world famous archaeological site, this five star oasis is an up-to date cosmopolitan refuge amidst the ancient splendor. Not to be missed; the ancient cave bath with sulfuric water.
250 rooms & suites
2 kilometers from the city
350 rooms, 150 suites
13 kilometers from Damascus airport
PALMYRA CHAM PALACE, PALMYRA - Services
Located next to the world famous archaeological site. 2 Km from the city.
This five stars oasis has 250 luxurious guest rooms and suites. 2 restaurants, a lobby bar and the "Oasis" discotheque. Banquet and meeting facilities for 8 up to 400 guests. Large outdoor swimming pool, children pool, tennis courts. Business center, shopping arcade. Underground and outdoor parking. Ancient cave bath with sulfuric waters.
CHAHBA CHAM PALACE, ALEPPO - Overview
The Chahba Cham Palace is the only five-star luxury hotel in Aleppo, Syria's second largest city. Comfortably appointed guest accommodations overlook the hotel's garden as well as the city. The Chahba Cham Palace has the largest health fitness center in Aleppo.
200 rooms, 50 suites
10 kilometers from airport
CHAHBA CHAM PALACE, ALEPPO - Services
Aleppo's only five stars luxury hotel, dominating Syria's second largest city. 250 well appointed guest rooms and suites, overlooking the hotel's garden and the city.
3 Restaurants, including the "Chehrazade" super club and 'La Citadelle "panoramic restaurant. 2 snack bars, two bars and the discotheque two Super Dolbe surround sound cinemas.
Banquet and meeting facilities for 5 up to 550 guests, art gallery, large outdoor swimming pool, 2 tennis courts, 2 squash courts fitness center, gymnasium, sauna, hammam, Jacuzzi, hairdresser and beauty parlor.
The only Dolby theater in Aleppo - 2 cinemas
Business center, news stand, shopping arcade, underground and o
utdoor parkin COTE D'AZUR DE CHAM RESORT, LATTAKIA - Overview
The largest area resort on the Mediterranean has 600 meters of private sandy beach; a perfect place for swimming. Indoor and outdoor restaurant, lobby bar, snack bar on the beach, BBQ evenings at the residence.
Additional Features: All rooms equipped with kitchenettes. Full service supermarket, shopping gallery. Tennis courts, mini-golf, swimming pool, water sports.
3,000 beds divided in 1600 rooms.
10 kilometers from city center.g.
COTE D'AZUR DE CHAM RESORT, LATTAKIA - Services
The largest resort located right on the Mediterranean at 10 Km from the city center.
The hotel has 3000 beds divided between guest rooms, duplexes and triplexes, all equipped with kitchenettes.
600 m. of private sandy beach, it's the perfect place for swimming and water sports.
The hotel offers an indoor and outdoor restaurant, a lobby bar, and snack bar on the beach.
Other facilities include a full service supermarket, shopping gallery, 2 tennis courts, mini golf, and a swimming pool.
3,000 beds in doubles, duplexes and triplexes
10 kilometers from city center.
COTE D'AZUR DE CHAM RESIDENCE, LATTAKIA - Overview
Located next to the Cote d'Azur de Cham Resort, close to the beach, The Cote d'Azur de Cham Residence has over 100 rooms and suites all equipped with kitchenettes.
The hotel has an outdoor swimming pool and restaurant. All the Residence guests have free access to the Cote d'Azur beach by an underground tunnel.
holidays and museums in syria
| National Holidays & Festivals | |
| Fairs & Festivals | Time of Occurrence |
| International Flowers Fair |
Damascus, April- May |
| Technical Palmyra Festival | May- June |
| Vine Festival | Sweida, July |
| Cotton Festival | Aleppo, July |
| Damascus International Fair | August |
| Passion & Joy Festival | Lattakia, August |
| Arabic Book Fair | Damascus, September |
| Desert Festival/ Albadiya/ | Deirezzor & Palmyra, September |
| Periodical Bosra Festival | Every two years, September |
| Damascus Cinema Festival | Every two years, October |
| Science Week | Damascus, Aleppo or Latakia November |
| Theater Festival | Damascus, Every two years, November |
| Annual Fair of Plastic Arts | Damascus, September |
| National and Official Holidays | |
| Weekend holidays | Every Friday & Saturday |
| New Year | 1 January |
| Revolution Day | 8 March |
| Mother's Day | 21 March |
| May Day | 1 May |
| Martyrs Day | 6 May |
| October liberation Day | 6 October |
| Christmas Day | 25 December |
| Museums | |
| Museum Name | Address |
| National Museum of Damascus | Near Tkiya Slaminaniya |
| Popular Traditions Museum | Al-Azem Palace, Bzoriya |
| Omayyad Mosque Museum | Omayyad Mosque |
| Arabic Writing Museum | Al-jikimikiya School |
| Medicine & Science Museum of Arabs | Al-Nouri Bimarestan |
| Historical Damascus City Museum | Souk Sarouja |
| Agricultural Museum | Damascus, Halbouni |
| Military Museum | Tkiya Slaimaniya |
| Deir Atiyeh Museum | Damascus Rural, Deir Atiyeh |
| Aleppo Museum | Aleppo City |
| Popular Traditions Museum | Aleppo City |
| Aleppo Castle Museum |
Aleppo Castle |
| Hama Museum | Assad Basha Al-Azem Palace |
| Afamia Museum | Hama, Khan Al Madik Castle |
| Popular Traditions Museum | Homs, Al-Zihrawi Palace |
| Homs Museum | Homs City |
| Palmyra Museum | Palmyra |
| Sweida Museum | Sweida City |
| Edleb Museum | Edleb City |
| Tartous Museum | Old Cathedral, Tartous |
| Arwad Island Museum | Arwad, The Castle |
| Bosra Museum | Tower of Bosra Castle |
| Latakia Museum | Latakia Khan Al-Dukhan |
| Deirezzor Museum | Deirezzor City |
| Raqqa Museum | Raqqa City |
| Castle of jaabr Museum | Jaabar Castle |
| Shahba Museum | Shahba |
economy and education in syria
| Educational Centers in Syria | ||
| Name Of Cultural Centers | Address | Phone |
| American Culture Center | Damascus | 3331878 |
| Arabic Culture Center | Damascus | 3333727 - 6661258 |
| British Culture Center | Damascus | 3310632 - 3310631 |
| Europe Union Legation | Damascus | 3327640 - 6116414 |
| French Culture Center | Damascus | 2316182 - 2316181 |
| Goteh Institute | Damascus | 3327842 - 3336673 |
| Russian Culture Center | Damascus | 2317158 - 2317351 |
| Spanish Culture Center | Damascus | 3714003 |
| Name Of University | Address | Phone |
| Al Baath University | Homs | (31) 426701 - 431806 |
| Aleppo University | Aleppo | (21) 670400 - 670300 |
| Damascus University | Damascus | 2215101 |
| Techrin University | Lattakia | (41) 416311 - 416312 |
| Economy |
|
Syria's economy has undergone a profound transformation since the 1960s. Agriculture is still a leading sector of the economy and a main source of employment, though its share of gross domestic product has declined relatively as Syria has industrialized. Less than one third of the country is cultivated because of aridity and poor soils. The most common crops are wheat and barley. Extreme fluctuations in grain production from year to year because of rainfall variability have traditionally caused much hardship for the rural population. Cotton is the chief cash crop and was Syria's leading export until the mid-1970s. Other leading crops include vegetables, citrus fruits, olives, tobacco, and sugar beets. Sheep and goats are grazed in many areas. In the driest environments nomadism is common, though this way of life is declining and is practiced by very few Syrians today. Many of Syria's industries are agrarian based--such as food processing and textiles. In the mid-1960s the government began a policy of rapid industrialization, especially in the areas of iron and steel and other heavy industries. Factories now turn out a wide range of products, including tractors and television sets. Rapid industrial growth has encouraged many Syrians to move to cities. Syria is not a major petroleum producer by Middle East standards. Nevertheless, petroleum accounts for some 40 percent of total exports, and a petrochemical industry has developed around the main refineries. A major oilfield was discovered in the Deir-ez-Zor region in the mid-1980s. Syria also has large phosphate deposits, which are used in its growing fertilizer industry. Syrian development has given a high priority to building a good transportation system, the absence of which hindered the country's economic growth in the past. Modern ports have been developed at Latakia and Tartus, with the result that Syria no longer needs to trade through Beirut in Lebanon. Major cities are now all linked by modern highways or by an extensive railway network. |
all about syria 3
History of Syria
Syria is the cradle of the great civilization, and the accomplishments of her ancient peoples are renowned throughout the world.
It was here that agriculture began ten thousand years ago, that settlement commenced and civilization emerged. Houses, not caves, became man's dwellings, and he embarked on a journey of self-discovery.
Man observed heaven and sang the earliest hymns, tried his hand at drawing and sculpture. Evidence of these ancient arts is found all over Syria, at Mereibet, Jeyround, Yabroud, and on the riverbanks.
Syria also presented the world with another discovery. It was here that copper was made pliable and bronze was invented. The Bronze civilization came into at Tel Halaf.
At Mari (Tel Hariri), by the Euphrates and elsewhere, there was an abundance of palaces, temples and murals reflecting cultural and commercial activity.
The kingdom of Ugarit (Ras Shamra) offered mankind the first alphabet in history. At Ebla (Tel Mardikh), a royal palace was discovered containing one of the largest and most comprehensive documentary archives of the ancient world. These specialized in industrial, diplomatic, commercial and administrative maters, in addition to war and peace relations with other countries.
The Amorites, the Kanaanites and Phoenicians inhabited the coastal regions, the Arameans were the highlander, and the Nabateans inhabited the south.
Successive waves of migrations from the Arab Peninsula gave an Arab identity to Syria, and it managed to withstand the invasions by Hittites, Persians, Greeks and Romans. The Islamic conquest of 636 A. D. only confirmed this Arab identity and gave a sense of the land.
The immense strategic importance of Syria is due to her unique position as a meeting of three continents (Asia, Africa, and Europe), and as a crossroad between the Caspian Sea, the Indian Ocean, the Black Sea, and the Nile River. Through Syria lay the silk route which led from China to Doura Europos (Salhiyeh), from Palmyra and Homs to the Syrian ports on Mediterranean, where for thousands of years Syrian seafarers had ridden the wave in their enormous fleets with gleaming white sails.
This geographical position lent distinction to the country, not only as a trade and caravan route, but also a melting pot of diverse ideas, beliefs, talents, and cultures.
A journey through Syria is a journey through time.
When you enter the old souks you realize that history is some time alive and tangible, something you can see and touch. You down the 'Street called Straight' (Midhat Pasha) which stretches from Bab Kissan to Bab Al-Jabieh, and you feel that you are walking beside Saul of Tarsus when he saw the light of faith, the light on 'the Road to Damascus'.
The silk weavers whom you see in Damascus, Hama and Aleppo still work at their wooden handlooms just like their ancestors did in Ebla four thousand years ago. Glass blowers at their brick furnaces recall their predecessors who invented colored glass three thousand years ago. Folk artists still draw pictures of epic heroes almost identical to those engraved on stone by Doura Europos artists in the year 3000 B. C.
Syria is often described as the largest small country in the world because of its wealth of ancient civilization. Modern man is indebted to this land for much of his thought and learning. Indeed it was aptly said that every intellectual has two homelands: his own, and Syria
syrian coast, where i come from( lattakia)
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Latakia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Latakia is Syria's main sea-port on the Mediterranean (186 km southwest of Aleppo). It has retained its importance since ancient times. Latakia was one of the five cities built by Saluqos Nikator in the 2nd century B.C. He named it after his mother, Laudetia. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not many ancient remains have survived in Latakia, but there are four columns and a Roman arch from the time of Septimus Severus (circa 200 A.D.), in addition to a beautiful Ottoman construction called "Khan al-Dukhan", which is now a museum. Latakia is the sea-gate to Syria. It is well-provided with accommodation, and is well-placed as a base from which to explore the coastal regions of the country. There are beaches, mountains, archaeological sites and many relics of the Crusaders, all within a few hours from each other. Mention should also be made of the historically important Ras Shamra, only 16km to the north of Latakia. This is the site of Ugarit, the kingdom that had a golden past in administration, education, diplomacy, law, religion and economics between the 16th and 13th centuries B.C. It is the kingdom that gave humanity the first alphabet in the world. This alphabet is still preserved on a clay tablet at the National Museum in Damascus. Documents, statues and jewels from the Ugarit kingdom are also on display at the Latakia, Aleppo and Tartus museums. Jableh is another Syrian seaside town, 28 km to the south of Latakia. It has a theatre built to accommodate 7,000 to 8,000 spectators. Close to Jableh is Tel Sokas, where archaeological relies were recently found, now on exhibition at the Damascus and Tartus museums. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
syrian cuisine
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The Syrian Cuisine
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| The Syrian cuisine is varied and rich, in view of the fertility of Syrian lands and the abundance of their crops which enable the cook to be a master and to diversify in his choice and talent in the preparation of fresh meals made of vegetables, legumes and meats. The Syrian table is always decorated with the various delicious pastries famous all over the world. Travelers do not miss to take with them on their leaving the country samples of these sweets to give them as presents to their dear friends and family members. These desserts are followed by fresh or dried fruits grown in Syrian fields. Health concern is also cared for through the Syrian fresh and pure mineral waters gushing from mountains tops. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
embassies in syria
|
Syrian Embassies | ||||
|
Name |
Address |
Phone |
Fax |
|
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(+963/11) |
(+963/11) |
||
| Afghanistan Embassy | Damascus- mazzah | 6112910 | 6133595 | |
| Algeria Embassy | Damascus | 3331446 - 3334548 | ||
| Argentina Embassy | Damascus- Roudah | 3334168 - 3334167 | 411058 | |
| Armenia Embassy | Damascus- Malki | 3711757 - 3732992 | 3711757 | mailto:am309@net.sy |
| Austia Embassy | Damascus | 6116730 - 6116838 | 6116734 | |
| Austiran Embassy | Damascus | 6114616 | ||
| Australia Embassy | Damascus | 6132424 - 6132323 | ||
| Bahrain Embassy | Damascus | 6132314 - 6132317 | ||
| Belgium Embassy | Damascus | 3338098 - 3332821 | 3330426 | |
| Brazil Embassy | Damascus | 3337770 - 3335770 | ||
| British Embassy - Commercial Section | Damascus | 3712561-2-3 | ||
| Bulgaria Embassy | Damascus | 3318445 - 3318205 | ||
| Canadian Embassy | Damascus- mazzah | 6116692 - 6116851 | 6114000 | dmcus@dfait-maeci.gc.ca |
| Cheque Embassy | Damascus | 3330935 - 3331383 | ||
| Chile Embassy | Damascus | 3338443 | ||
| China Embassy | Damascus- Malki | 3339594 - 3327968 | 3338067 | mailto:chinaemb_sy@mfa.gov.cn |
| Cuba Embassy | Damascus | 3339624 - 3337213 | ||
| Cyprus Embassy | Damascus | 6130812 - 6130813 | ||
| Denmark Embassy | Damascus- Abu Roumaneh | 3332853 - 3331008 | 333 7928 | damamb@um.dk |
| Delegation of the European Commission | Damascus | 3327640 - 3320683 | ||
| Egypt Embassy | Damascus | 3332932 - 3330756 | ||
| Embassy of United State of America | Damascus- Abu Roumaneh | 3330788 - 3332315 | 3319678 | |
| Finland Embassy | Damascus | 3338670 - 3338809 | 3734740 | |
| France Embassy | Damascus- aljesr alabiad | 3327993 - 3327992 | 3338632 | mailto:ambafr@net.sy |
| German Embassy | Damascus | 3323801 - 3323800 | 3323812 | |
| Greece Embassy | Damascus- mazzah | 6113035 - 6115009 | 6114920 | mailto:grembdam@mail.sy |
| Hungary Embassy | Damascus- mazzah | 6110787 - 6117966 | 6117917 | mailto:hungemb@net.sy |
| India Embassy | Damascus | 3719581 - 3718203 | ||
| Indonesia Embassy | Damascus | 3331238 - 3331233 | ||
| Italy Embassy | Damascus- Malki | 3332521 - 3332621 | 332 0325 | italamb@net.sy |
| Japan Embassy | Damascus | 3338273 - 3332553 | ||
| Jordan Embassy | Damascus | 3339313 - 3334642 | ||
| Korea Embassy | Damascus | 4417614 | ||
| Kuwait Embassy | Damascus | 3714760 - 3721973 | ||
| Libya Embassy | Damascus | 3333914 - 3339747 | ||
| Mauritania Embassy | Damascus | 3339317 | ||
| Morocco Embassy | Damascus | 6620839 - 6110451 | ||
| Netherland Embassy | Damascus | 3337661 - 3336871 | 333 9369 | |
| Norway Embassy | Damascus- Malki | 3322072 - 3310733 | 3337114 | |
| Oman Embassy | Damascus- mazzah | 6622194 - 6110408 | 6110994 | |
| Pakistan Embassy | Damascus | 6132694 - 6132695 | ||
| Poland Embassy | Damascus | |||
all about syria 2
| Introduction | Syria |
|
Background: |
Following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, Syria was administered by the French until independence in 1946. In the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, Syria lost the Golan Heights to Israel. Since 1976, Syrian troops have been stationed in Lebanon, ostensibly in a peacekeeping capacity, despite international pressure calling for their withdrawal. Over the past decade, Syria and Israel have held occasional peace talks over the return of the Golan Heights. |
| Geography | Syria |
|
Location: |
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey |
|
Geographic coordinates: |
35 00 N, 38 00 E |
|
Map references: |
Middle East |
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Area: |
total: 185,180 sq km land: 184,050 sq km water: 1,130 sq km note: includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory |
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Area - comparative: |
slightly larger than North Dakota |
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Land boundaries: |
total: 2,253 km border countries: Iraq 605 km, Israel 76 km, Jordan 375 km, Lebanon 375 km, Turkey 822 km |
|
Coastline: |
193 km |
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Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 41 nm |
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Climate: |
mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus |
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Terrain: |
primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west |
|
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m highest point: Mount Hermon 2,814 m |
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Natural resources: |
petroleum, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower |
|
Land use: |
arable land: 25.22% permanent crops: 4.43% other: 70.35% (2001) |
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Irrigated land: |
12,130 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards: |
dust storms, sandstorms |
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Environment - current issues: |
deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution from raw sewage and petroleum refining wastes; inadequate potable water |
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Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification |
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Geography - note: |
(February 2002 est.) |
| People | Syria |
| Government | Syria |
| Economy | Syria |
| Communications | Syria |
| Transportation | Syria |
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Railways: |
total: 2,711 km standard gauge: 2,460 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 251 km 1.050-m gauge (2003) |
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Highways: |
total: 45,697 km paved: 6,489 km (including 1,001 km of expressways) unpaved: 39,208 km (2002) |
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Waterways: |
900 km (not economically significant) (2002) |
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Pipelines: |
gas 2,300 km; oil 2,183 km (2004) |
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Ports and harbors: |
Baniyas, Jablah, Latakia, Tartus |
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Merchant marine: |
total: 120 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 446,981 GRT/636,620 DWT by type: bulk carrier 8, cargo 105, container 1, livestock carrier 4, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 12 (Egypt 1, Greece 1, Jordan 2, Lebanon 7, Romania 1) registered in other countries: 73 (2005) |
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Airports: |
92 (2004 est.) |
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Airports - with paved runways: |
total: 26 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways: |
total: 66 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 10 under 914 m: 54 (2004 est.) |
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Heliports: |
7 (2004 est.) |
| Military | Syria |
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Military branches: |
Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Arab Air Force (includes Air Defense Command), Police and Security Force |
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Military manpower - military age and obligation: |
18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 30 months (2004) |
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Military manpower - availability: |
males age 18-49: 4,356,413 (2005 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service: |
males age 18-49: 3,453,888 (2005 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually: |
males: 225,113 (2005 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure: |
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data that may understate actual spending |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP: |
5.9% (FY00) |
| Transnational Issues | Syria |
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Disputes - international: |
Golan Heights is Israeli-occupied with the almost 1,000-strong UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) patrolling a buffer zone since 1964; Lebanon claims Shaba'a farms in Golan Heights; international pressure prompts the removal of Syrian troops and intelligence personel stationed in Lebanon since October 1976; Syria protests Turkish hydrological projects regulating upper Euphrates waters; 2004 Agreement and pending demarcation settles border dispute with Jordan |
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Refugees and internally displaced persons: |
refugees (country of origin): 413,827 (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)) IDPs: 170,000 (most displaced from Golan Heights during 1967 Arab-Israeli War) (2004) |
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Illicit drugs: |
a transit point for opiates and hashish bound for regional and Western markets; weak anti-money-laundering controls, bank privatization may leave it vulnerable to money-laundering |
all about syria
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OFFICIAL NAME: Syrian Arab Republic.
CAPITAL: Damascus
AREA: 185.180 km2 (71.500sq. miles)
POPULATION: 18.866 millions ( 2002 census )
CLIMATE: A pleasant and varied Mediterranean climate with four distinct seasons.
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE:
32° C. (90° F) in Summer,
10° C. (50° F) in Winter and
22° C. (72° F) in Spring and Autumn.
TIME ZONE: November through February: GMT + 2 Hours (Winter).
March through October: GMT + 3 hours. (Summer).
ELECTRICAL CURRENT: 220 Volts, 50 A.C.
WEEKEND: Friday is the official weekend.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES: Metric system.
TRAVEL INFORMATION ENTRY FORMALITIES:
A valid passport with entry visa. Any amount of foreign currency could be brought into Syria. However, the sum of foreign currency allowed out should not exceed the amount brought in.
HOW TO GET THERE:
Damascus, the main gateway to Syria, Aleppo & Latakia are connected with all continents by the national carrier (Syrian air) and major international airlines.
By land, Syria is connected by highways with Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Turkey.
There are seaport facilities at Latakia and Tartous.
LANGUAGES:
The official language is Arabic. Most Syrians also speak another language, which most often, is French or English.
Regular Work Hours : Government : 8:00 am-15:30 pm
Stores: 9.00 to 13.30 and 16.00 to 20.00 (Winter) 17.00 to 21.00 (Summer)
Business : Summer 10 A.M- 2 P.M And 4-9 P.M
Country Code : + 963
Geographical location:
North-east of the Mediterranean sea between latitudes 32o and 37o in the north and between longitudes 35o and 42o east Greenwich. Length of the coastline: 183 kms.
Main cities and number of inhabitants in each governorate:
Damascus 2.8 million inh, Aleppo 3 million inh, Homs 1.5 million inh, Latakia 990 thousands inh, Hama 1.5 million inh, Tartus 773 thousands, Deir-ez-zor 1 million inh.
Communications:
International telephone code for Syria: 00963
Telephone code:
Damascus 011, Nabk 012, Deir Ateya 012, Zabadani 013, Bloudan 013, Al-Qunaytra 014, Dar'a 015, Sweida 016, Aleppo 021, Raqqa 022, Jisr Shogour 023, Idleb 023, Homs 031, Palmyra 031, Hama 033, Latakia 041, Kurdahah 041, Jableh 041, Slenfeh 041, Kasab 041, Tartus 043, Banyas 043, Safita 043, Draykish 043, Mashta Helu 043, Deir-ez-zor 051, Hasakeh 052, Raselein 052, Malkieh 052, Kamishli 053.
Airport:
at a distance of 32 kms from the center of the capital, Damascus - Taxi service - Bus services - Free zone - Airport tax on leaving 200 S.P. - International airport in Aleppo.
In Latakia: Martyr Bassel Al-Asad Airport
Ports:
Latakia 348 kms from the capital, Tartus 258 kms from the capital, banyas 55 kms south of Latakia.
Customs Regulations: 200 cigarettes, 50 cigars, 250 gr. Pipe tobacco
Currency:
Currency Unit: Syrian Pound = 100 piasters
1 U.S. Dollar = 46 S.P.
Notes: 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 S.P.
Coins: 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 S.P.
Currency Regulations:
Each traveler may carry with him on entering the country not more than 5000 S.P. in cash and may take the same on leaving amount.
How to get to Syria:
By Land:
Syria is linked by international highway with Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq.
By Sea:
Through the two seaports of Latakia and Tartus on the Mediterranean.
By Air:
Damascus, the main gateway to Syria, Aleppo and Latakia are connected with all continents by the national carrier (Syrianair) and major international airlines.
Customs facilities and conditions of acquiring
Entrance visas
First : General instructions for the tourists coming to Syria :
Arab and foreign arrivals to Syria should have the following :
1- Passport valid for a period not less than one month after the elapse of the period of entrance visa, provided that the passport is issued by a state that Syria recognize it, and does not carry on Israeli visa, and the name of the passport owner is not listed in the list of those forbidden from entering Syria.
2- Entrance visa or transit visa issued by the Syrian embassy or consulate in the original country of the foreigner or his place of residence. The entrance visa or transit visa is granted by emigration and passports department at the border for the subjects of foreign countries which have no diplomatic representation in Syria, and the foreigners living permanently provided they show their residence cards.
3- The Ministry of foreign affairs and the diplomatic missions issue the following exit visas : the diplomatic, the private, the courteous and service.
4- The entrance visa is valil for six months from the date of its granting, and could be used for one or many journeys, and could be exceptionally granted for one year.
5- The transit visa is valid for three months, or six months, or one year, and serves for one journey or many journeys.
6- The entrance or the transit visa could include the wife of the foreigner and his underage children provided that their names and ages within in the proper place.
7- The foreigner who wish to stay in the Syrian Arab Republic for a period over fifteen days from the date of his entrance, has to see the emigration and passports department or its branches in the governorates to submit a request for getting a permission to stay.
8- The permission to stay is granted directly for the Arabs and foreigners born in Syria, and wives of Syrian nationals.
9- In case of missing or damaging the residence card, the owner of the card has to see the emigration and passports department in Damascus and its branches in the governorates within three days from the date of missing or damaging in order to be given a new one.
10- The residence permission is not considered a permit for marks, and he who wish to be engaged in any wash in Syria, has to get a permit from the Ministry of labour social affairs.
11- Any Arabic or foreigner passed the fifteenth of his age, and was registered in the residence card of one of his parents, has to get a new independent residence card similar to his parents card, in respect of kind remaining period and date with a new photograph disregarding his own passport.
12- Arabs and foreigners who have special or ordinary residence have no right to be absent outside Syria for a period over six months.
13- Arabs and foreigners who have temporary residence and having exit visa and return, have no right to stay outside the country for a period exceeding three months. As for the Lebanese person, he has to see the police department within six days from his entrance to Syria in order to get a personal acquainting card to facilitate his residence and monument in Syria.
Secondly : The facilities and exemptions offered to incoming tourists :
1- Arab nationals are allowed to enter the Syrian Arab republic and pass through it exempted from getting entrance visa or transit visa, it is enough to be properly registered in the registers of incoming and departing after sealing their passports or travel documents, or entrance cards for Lebanese nationals (who are allowed to enter by their identity card, or properly endorsed birth record by the real of entrance and departure.
2- Entrance visas are granted gratis to foreigners of non registered nationalities who are coming for tourism whether singles or groups, in accordance with letters issued by tourist offices and companies in the country from which they have come, and sealed by the seals of there offices, in addition to the personal passport of each one, on the condition of being received by a properly licenced office in Syria, and depart under his responsibility.
3- Citizens of all Arab states, the gulf, Emirates and Sultanates, are exempted from entrance and transit visas, or permission to stay, or exit visa.
4- The following are exempted from the duties :
- Foreign and Arab students officially registered in one of the recognized universities.
- Religious people.
- Arab and foreign experts and contractors.
- Journalists and correspondents of news agencies.
- Workers in the Arabic and foreign political and consular organizations who are not diplomats.
- Parents of the member of diplomatic or consular cops accredited the country and his children, wife, brothers, sisters, and his followers of governerres and servants.
- Palestinian refugees and their underage children.
- Foreigners and Arabs who the director of emigration and passports considers exempting them for special considerations, international courtery, or because they are unable to pay.
5- The expatriates Syrian Arab nationals carrying foreign passports are exempted from obtaining the residence, and asking those among them who are not registered to register in the civil registers, and to be subject to exit visa when they want to depart using their foreign passports all that after passing one month from the date of their entrance, and after showing the approval of conscription to Syrian nationals, and they are allowed to enter using their foreign passports even if there passports are not sealed by the Syrian Arab commissions abroad, and they are granted the required visas gratuitously from borders centers.
Thirdly : customs facilities :
1- The foreigner is allowed to bring with him presents, personal effects, and private articles for tourists personal use free of customs duties.
2- The materials which the traveler bring with him are exempted from duties provided that such materials are under use, and declared about and to be taken out with the traveler when leaving Syria. The customs director in the border center is authorized to allow other used personal effects in accordance with his personal supporition.
3- Car owners residing abroad permanently and coming to Syria to stay temporarily, are allowed to bring in their borrowed cars which are properly registered in the country of expatriation in conformity with a legal authorization allowing the use and driving tourist cars outside the coutry of registration according to the following customs duties :
- Duties levied on cars in accordance with a temporary entrance card for a period of 15 days and amount of (1685) Syrian pounds to be exchanged with its equivalent of (40) US Dollar in return for the obligatory insurance of the car to be paid to the Syrian Insurance Company.
- Duties levied on the book granted to ears registered in the Arab countries are (5035) S.P. to be exchanged with its equivalent of (117) US Dollar, or its equivalent of other foreign currencies, plus (30) US $ in return for the obligatory insurance to be paid to the Syrian Insurance Company.
- The wife or an adult member of the family is allowed to enter the car or to drive it in Syria provided they meet the residing conditions outside the country.
- The car owner has to have an international devising licence, an international car certificate, and a trip-tie book. The car could remain in Syria for 180 days during one trip or a number of trips. At any sate, the detailed instructions relating to procedures of getting in and out, the customs, the foreign exchange, or any amendments on these instructions, could be got from the available periodical pamphlets in the Syrian embassies and consulates, as well as from the centers of entrance to Syria at its international borders.
Fourthly : Health regulations :
1- Travelers coming from places affected by yellow fevers when entering the country, have to introduce a vaccination certificate against this fever.
2- Those wishing to stay in Syria for a period exceeding one year, have to submit a certificate of freedom from AID.
3- The tourist who brings with him a domestic animal, has to bring with it a health certificate in English authenticated in his country, as for cats and dogs, a certificate of ovulation against rabi should be presented
hotels 5 star
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restaurants 5 star
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